William A Hoey
Technologist
About
Bio
Dr. Hoey leads analysis efforts and own flight project deliverables quantifying the interactions of spacecraft with their natural and induced environments – and associated risks incurred to engineering and science objectives – across technical disciplines at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) including spacecraft contamination control, planetary protection, thermal and propulsion engineering.
As a subject matter expert he researches, develops, and implements a state-of-the-art modeling and simulation toolkit for free-molecular, rarefied-gas-dynamic, and continuum flow regimes across NASA applications.
Dr. Hoey supports a diverse portfolio of flight projects, instruments, and proposals including NASA’s Europa Clipper, Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover, Psyche, NEO Surveyor, and VERITAS missions and the Lunar Gateway program; the Roman Space Telescope Coronagraph; and Europa Lander and Mars Sample Return mission concepts. He also collaborate with commercial spaceflight and lunar landing providers through NASA’s Human Landing System (HLS) and Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS) programs.
Education
Ph.D. Aerospace Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 2017
M. S. Aerospace Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, 2014
B. S. Aerospace Engineering, University of Notre Dame, 2012
Research Interests
Spacecraft Engineering: computational physics modeling of multiphase gas & fluid dynamic processes including self-induced direct and reflected contamination by materials outgassing and molecular desorption; return flux by atmospheric scatter; hybrid multiregime simulations of spacecraft engine plumes and surface impingement; and particle transport in fairing depressurization environments.
Computational Physics Methods: ray-tracing Monte Carlo and view factor methods for free-molecular transport; rarefied-gas-dynamic Boltzmann solver and direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) methods; and CFD and Lagrangian particle tracking in engineering applications. Particular experience in high-performance computing, numerical analysis, and physics-based model development for spacecraft.
Planetary Science: Planetary Protection, including novel models of biological particle transport and UV sterilization processes; state-of-the-art DSMC simulations of upper-atmospheric processes on Earth and in the Pluto-Charon system; surface-to-exobase atmospheric and volcanic plume processes on Io.
Topic Area(s)
- Software, Modeling, Simulation, and Information Processing | Multi-Scale/Multi-Physics Modeling And Simulation
- Entry, Descent, and Landing Systems | Modeling And Simulation Technologies
- Planetary Science | Planetary Exospheres And Atmospheres
- Propulsion Systems | Electric/Chemical In-Space Propulsion
- Exploration Destination Systems | Planetary Protection
Experience
Research Community Service
Reviewer for Acta Astronautica, Icarus, Physics of Fluids, and Vacuum. Conference leadership & review experience in the Rarefied Gas Dynamics and Space Systems Contamination communities.
Achievements
Awards & Recognitions
- JPL Team Award | Near Earth Object Surveyor Contamination Control Team | For 'the successful execution of the NEO Surveyor Contamination Control Pre-CDR Peer Review.' (2025)
- JPL Team Award | Europa Clipper Contamination Control Team | For ‘analyzing outgassing deposition on PIMS Lower and designing a new/effective PIMS shield to mitigate contamination concerns from LVA design change.’ (2023)
- JPL Voyager Award | For ‘significant advances in innovating physics-based modeling and analysis capabilities which are applied to all missions and science instruments with high sensitivity to contamination. These innovative capabilities reduce risk to flight system and science instrument performance.’ (2023)
- NASA Award | Early Career Achievement Medal | For ‘exceptional contributions in the development of analytical models and simulations of molecular contaminant transport leading to improved flight system design solutions.’ (2023)
- NASA Award | Group Achievement Award | To the Europa Clipper Contamination Control Team for ‘group achievement and technical excellence during spacecraft integration to protect Europa Clipper science instrument performance in challenging space environments.’ (2023)
- JPL Team Award | Europa Clipper Contamination Control Team | For ‘significant improvements in Contamination Control Processes and exceptional execution of those processes to support many flight hardware deliveries.’ (2022)
- JPL Voyager Award | For ‘exceptional efforts for tool development for work on regolith modeling for HLS,’ NASA’s Human Landing System program. (2021)
- JPL Team Award | Europa Clipper Contamination Control Team | For ‘successful execution of proven and innovative new testing and analyses to support meeting Europa Clipper’s unique science-driven contamination control requirements.’ (2021)
- NASA Award | Group Achievement Award | To the Mars 2020 Contamination Control Team for ‘overcoming significant challenges in the implementation and execution of Contamination Control for the Mars 2020 project, and in support of Science Sample Integrity.’ (2021)
- JPL Team Award | Mars 2020 Contamination Control Team | For ‘the team effort that resulted in the successful delivery of the sterile flight hardware deliveries of the Mars 2020 Sample Caching Assembly.’ (2020)
- JPL Team Award | Europa Clipper Contamination Control Team | For ‘exceptional planning and implementation of the Europa Clipper Radiation Induced Outgassing Test in support of the Solar Array Delta PDR.’ (2019)
- JPL Voyager Award | For ‘contributing to significant improvements and the introduction of new tools to augment JPL Contamination Control modeling and analysis.’ (2018)
Publications
Dye, D., Alred, J., Hoey, W., Anderson, J., Soares, C., 2025. "Reducing Mass Spectrometry Noise via Coupled Desorption Flux and Background Modeling." J. American Society for Mass Spectrometry.
Quiroz, C., Steagall, C., Tulaba, B., Lutfy, F., Yim, J., Alred, J., Hoey, W., Martin, M., Soares, C., 2025. "Overview of the Lunar Gateway External Contamination Environment." Proc. 16th International Symposium on Materials in the Space Environment.
Hoey, W., Anderson, J., 2025. "Toward a Model for Biological Contaminant Dispersal by Spacecraft Operating and Landing in Near Vacuum." Proc. 33rd Rarefied Gas Dynamics.
Martin, M., Sylvia, M., Hoey, W., Boeder, P., 2025. "Contamination Control Program for the Roman Space Telescope Coronagraph Instrument." J. Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems, vol. 11, 2, 021407.
Anderson, J., Hoey, W., Fugett, D., Low, N., Soares, C., 2025. "Assessment of Propellant Droplet Contamination Effects on the Europa Clipper Spacecraft." Proc. 2025 IEEE Aerospace Conf.
Martin, M., Hoey, W., Wong, A., 2025. "Development of Spacecraft Molecular Accumulation and Contamination Kinetics Simulator (SMACKS) and Application to the NEO Surveyor Mission." Proc. 2025 IEEE Aerospace Conf.
Soares, C., Hoey, W., Alred, J., Boeder, P., Gutierrez Cascales, P., Benardini, J., Seasly, E., 2024. "Characterization of Organic Contamination Footprint from Moon, Mars and Ocean Worlds Landing Systems for Robotic and Crewed Missions." Proc. 75th Int’l Astronautical Cong. IAC-24.D5.3.8.
Fugett, D., Anderson, J., Hoey, W., 2024. "Contamination Control Approach to Mitigating Deposition on Europa Clipper PIMS Instrument." Proc. 2024 IEEE Aerospace Conf.
Shallcross, G., Hoey, W., Anderson, J., Soares, C., Cooper, M., 2023. "Modeling Adhesion and Aerodynamic Removal of Particles and Spores from Substrates." Journal of Aerosol Science, 176, 106294.
Hoey, W., Martin, M., Alred, J., Soares, C., Ababneh, M., 2023. "Analyses of Blue Origin Blue Moon Lunar Landing Descent Engine Plume Effects," Proc. 52nd International Conference on Environmental Systems; no. 42.
Hoey, W., Martin, M., Steagall, C., Soares, C., Shallcross, G., Worthy, E., 2023. "A Predictive Model of Lunar Gateway Molecular Outgassing and Plume-induced Contamination," Proc. 15th International Symposium on Materials in the Space Environment.
Anderson, J., Alred, J., Hoey, W., 2022. "Modeling Molecular Outgassing Transport and Deposition for Spacecraft Operating in Vacuum," Proc. 32nd International Symposium on Rarefied Gas Dynamics.
Martin, M., Alred J., Hoey, W., Ly, C., Soares, C., 2022. "Contamination Control Program for the Psyche Asteroid Mission," Proc. v. 12224, SPIE Systems Contamination: Prediction, Control and Performance; 122240J.
Alred, J., Martin, M., Hoey, W., Korngut, P., Rocca, J., Soares, C., 2022. "Particle Contamination Launch Redistribution and Effects on the Low-Earth-Orbit Infrared SPHEREx Telescope," Proc. v. 12224, SPIE Systems Contamination: Prediction, Control and Performance; 122240I.
Fugett, D., Soares, C., Wong, A., Anderson, J., Ricchiuti, V., Hoey, W., 2022. "Contamination Control Approach to Mitigating Radiation Induced Outgassing on Europa Clipper," Proc. 2022 IEEE Aerospace Conf.
Hand, K., et al., 2022. "Science Goals and Mission Architecture of the Europa Lander Mission Concept," Planetary Science Journal, vol. 3, 22.
Wong, A., Martin, M., Hoey, W., Soares, C., Hurst, K., Roberts, E., Perkins, R., Maltais, T., Shiraishi, L., Boeder, P., Alred, J., 2022. "Understanding Sampling Hardware Cleanliness from Perseverance Lessons Learned, and Forward Approach to Biosignature Missions," AIAA 2022-0673. Proc. 2022 AIAA SciTech Conf.
Hoey, W., Trafton, L., Ackley, P., Goldstein, D., Varghese, P., 2021. "Variations in the Canopy Shock Structures of Massive Extraterrestrial Plumes: Parametric DSMC Simulation of 2007 Tvashtar Observations," Icarus, 363, 114431.
Ackley, P., Hoey, W., Trafton, L., Goldstein, D., Varghese, P., 2020. "Hybrid Dust-Tracking Method for Modeling Io’s Tvashtar Volcanic Plume," Icarus, 359, 114274.
Anderson, J., Hoey, W., Alred, J., Soares, C., Brieda, L., 2020. "Space Launch Vehicle Transient Particle Redistribution Modeling and Implications for Optically Sensitive Payloads," Proc. v. 11489, SPIE Systems Contamination: Prediction, Control and Performance; 114890D.
Alred, J., Martin, M., Hoey, W., Wong, A., White, L., Boeder, P., Cofer, S., Dias-Ribeiro, A., Soares, C., 2020. "Predicting Terrestrial Contamination of the Mars 2020 Sample Caching System with Novel Multispecies Outgassing and Transport Models," Proc. v. 11489, SPIE Systems Contamination: Prediction, Control and Performance; 1148904.
Hoey, W., Lam, R., Wong, A., Soares, C., 2020. "Europa Lander Engine Plume Interactions with the Surface and Vehicle," Proc. 2020 IEEE Aerospace Conf.
Martin, M., Hoey, W., Alred, J., Soares, C., 2020. "Novel Contamination Control Model Development and Application to the Psyche Mission," Proc. 2020 IEEE Aerospace Conf.
Anderson, J., Wong, A., Fugett, D., Hoey, W., 2020. "Modeling Radiation Influence on Spacecraft Materials Outgassing," Proc. 2020 IEEE Aerospace Conf.
Soares, C., Hoey, W., Anderson, J., Ferraro, N., 2019. "Spacecraft Return Flux Considerations for Missions Targeting Detection of Organics with Mass Spectrometers," Proc. 70th Int’l Astronautical Cong. IAC-19-D5.3.12.x50567.
Soares, C., Wong, A., Fugett, D., Hoey, W., Alred, J., Ferraro, N., Thorbourn, D., 2019. "High-Energy Radiation Testing and Effects on Spacecraft Materials Outgassing," Proc. 70th Int’l Astronautical Cong. IAC-19-D5.3.9.x50566.
Katz, I., Anderson, M., White, L., Boeder, P., Hoey, W., 2018. "Mars 2020 Sample Cleanliness Molecular Transport Model," Proc. v. 10748, SPIE Systems Contamination: Prediction, Control and Performance; 107480A.
Hoey, W., Yeoh, S., Trafton, L., Goldstein, D., Varghese, P., 2017. "Rarefied Gas Dynamic Simulation of Transfer and Escape in the Pluto-Charon System," Icarus, 287, 87-102.