Mt. Etna, Italy

Starting December 13, 2020, a strong eruptive episode began at Mt. Etna's New SE summit crater. Lava fountains produced a new lava flow, traveling to the SW. The fresh lava is hot enough to be incandescent, and appears as a red "snake" issuing from the crater's flank. The lava fountain appears as a separate red area at the crater's summit. A faint gray plume streams southeastward from the crater. Analysis of the thermal infrared data reveals that the plume's composition is dominated by SO2. The image was acquired December 15, 2020, covers an area of 12 by 13.5 km, and is located at 37.7 degrees north, 15 degrees east.

With its 14 spectral bands from the visible to the thermal infrared wavelength region and its high spatial resolution of about 50 to 300 feet (15 to 90 meters), ASTER images Earth to map and monitor the changing surface of our planet. ASTER is one of five Earth-observing instruments launched Dec. 18, 1999, on Terra. The instrument was built by Japan's Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry. A joint U.S./Japan science team is responsible for validation and calibration of the instrument and data products.

The broad spectral coverage and high spectral resolution of ASTER provides scientists in numerous disciplines with critical information for surface mapping and monitoring of dynamic conditions and temporal change. Example applications are monitoring glacial advances and retreats; monitoring potentially active volcanoes; identifying crop stress; determining cloud morphology and physical properties; wetlands evaluation; thermal pollution monitoring; coral reef degradation; surface temperature mapping of soils and geology; and measuring surface heat balance.

The U.S. science team is located at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif. The Terra mission is part of NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington.

More information about ASTER is available at http://asterweb.jpl.nasa.gov/.