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artist's concept of Phoenix on the surface of Mars.   Phoenix
Launch: August 4, 2007
In the continuing pursuit of water on Mars, the poles are a good place to probe, as water ice is found there. This mission sent a high-latitude lander to Mars where it is using its robotic arm to dig trenches up to half a meter (1.6 feet) into layers of soil and water ice.
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› JPL Phoenix site
› University of Arizona Phoenix Site


artist's concept of Deep Impact   Deep Impact
Launch: January 12, 2005
Deep Impact traveled to comet Tempel 1 and deployed an impactor that was essentially "run over" by the nucleus of Tempel 1 on July 4, 2005.
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› Deep Impact home page


Genesis spacecraft   Genesis
Launch: August 8, 2001
Genesis collected samples of charged particles in the solar wind and returned them to Earth in September 2004. Although the capsule's parachutes did not deploy, scientists expect to be able to achieve most of their science objectives with samples recovered from the capsule.
+ Overview

› Genesis home page


artist's concept of Stardust   Stardust
Launch: February 7, 1999
The Stardust spacecraft successfully flew through the cloud of dust that surrounds the nucleus of comet Wild-2 and gathered a sample of cometary material. The Stardust return capsule landed in January 2006 carrying the collected particles.
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› Stardust home page
› Stardust-NExT mission description


artist's concept of Mars Polar Lander   Mars Polar Lander/Deep Space 2
Launch: January 3, 1999
This ambitious mission to set a spacecraft down on the frigid terrain near the edge of Mars' south polar cap was lost during descent and landing.
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› Archived Deep Space 2 site


artist's concept of Mars Climate Orbiter   Mars Climate Orbiter
Launch: December 11, 1998
Mars Climate Orbiter, designed to function as an interplanetary weather satellite, was lost on arrival at the planet.
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› Mars exploration


DeepSpace 1 launch   Deep Space 1
Launch: October 24, 1998
Unlike missions focused on science investigations, Deep Space 1 was a spacecraft designed to flight-test new technologies -- including an ion engine that could power solar system explorers of the future. With its primary mission successfully completed, the craft went on an extended mission and flew by comet Borrelly in September 2001, taking the best pictures ever of a comet's nucleus.
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› Deep Space 1 home page


artist's concept of lander and rover on Mars   Mars Pathfinder
Launch: December 4, 1996
Mars Pathfinder, consisting of a lander and the Sojourner rover, returned an unprecedented amount of data as they explored an ancient flood plain in Mars' northern hemisphere known as Ares Vallis.
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› Archived Pathfinder site


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